Minichan

• Hot
• Topics
• Bumps
• Replies
• New topic
• History
• Watchlist
• Bulletins
• Events
• Folks
• Search
• Shuffle
• Stuff

Topic: If Bella were a Muslim...

Meta started this discussion 12 years ago #33,990

Anonymous B joined in and replied with this 12 years ago, 8 minutes later[^] [v] #469,411

Meta (OP) replied with this 12 years ago, 20 minutes later, 29 minutes after the original post[^] [v] #469,412

Anonymous C joined in and replied with this 12 years ago, 12 minutes later, 42 minutes after the original post[^] [v] #469,413

Anonymous B replied with this 12 years ago, 1 hour later, 1 hour after the original post[^] [v] #469,419

Anonymous D joined in and replied with this 12 years ago, 11 hours later, 12 hours after the original post[^] [v] #469,536

Anonymous B replied with this 12 years ago, 24 minutes later, 13 hours after the original post[^] [v] #469,539

Anonymous D replied with this 12 years ago, 7 minutes later, 13 hours after the original post[^] [v] #469,540

Anonymous B replied with this 12 years ago, 25 minutes later, 13 hours after the original post[^] [v] #469,541

Anonymous D replied with this 12 years ago, 47 minutes later, 14 hours after the original post[^] [v] #469,543

Meta (OP) replied with this 12 years ago, 8 minutes later, 14 hours after the original post[^] [v] #469,547

Anonymous B replied with this 12 years ago, 3 minutes later, 14 hours after the original post[^] [v] #469,548

Anonymous E joined in and replied with this 12 years ago, 45 minutes later, 15 hours after the original post[^] [v] #469,554

Anonymous B replied with this 12 years ago, 6 minutes later, 15 hours after the original post[^] [v] #469,560

Anonymous E replied with this 12 years ago, 1 hour later, 17 hours after the original post[^] [v] #469,571

Anonymous B replied with this 12 years ago, 3 minutes later, 17 hours after the original post[^] [v] #469,574

Anonymous E replied with this 12 years ago, 4 minutes later, 17 hours after the original post[^] [v] #469,576

@previous (B)
The red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus), also known as channel bass, redfish, spottail bass or simply reds, is a game fish that is found in the Atlantic Ocean from Massachusetts to Florida and in the Gulf of Mexico from Florida to Northern Mexico.[1] It is the only species in the genus Sciaenops. The red drum is a cousin to the black drum (Pogonias cromis), and the two species are often found in close proximity to each other; they can interbreed and form a robust hybrid, and younger fish are often indistinguishable in flavor.[2]

Anonymous E double-posted this 12 years ago, 1 minute later, 17 hours after the original post[^] [v] #469,577

@previous (E)
The most distinguishing mark on the red drum is one large black spot on the upper part of the tail base. Having multiple spots is not uncommon for this fish but having no spots is extremely rare. As the fish with multiple spots grow older they seem to lose their excess spots. Scientists believe that the black spot near their tail helps fool predators into attacking the red drum's tail instead of their head, allowing the red drum to escape.[3] The red drum uses its senses of sight and touch, and its downturned mouth, to locate forage on the bottom through vacuuming or biting. On the top and middle of the water column, it uses changes in the light that might look like food. In the summer and fall, adult red drum feed on crabs, shrimp, and sand dollars, in the spring and winter, adults primarily feed on menhaden, mullet, pinfish, sea robin, lizardfish, spot, Atlantic croaker, and flounder.

Anonymous E triple-posted this 12 years ago, 2 minutes later, 17 hours after the original post[^] [v] #469,579

@previous (E)
Red drum naturally occur along the southern Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coasts of the United States, including the coasts of Louisiana, Texas, Alabama, Mississippi, and Florida. Aquaculture activities involving Red Drum occur around the world.[4] Immature red drum prefer grass marsh areas of bays and estuaries when available. Both younger mature red drum (3-6 years of age) and bull red drum prefer rocky outcroppings including jetties and manmade structures, such as oil rigs and bridge posts. Around this type of structure, they are found throughout the water column.

Anonymous B replied with this 12 years ago, 56 seconds later, 17 hours after the original post[^] [v] #469,581

@previous (E)

Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) is a herring in the family Clupeidae. It is one of the most abundant fish species in the world. Atlantic herrings can be found on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean, congregating in large schools. They can grow up to 45 centimetres (18 in) in length and weigh more than 0.5 kilograms (1.1 lb). They feed on copepods, krill and small fish, while their natural predators are seals, whales, cod and other larger fish.

The Atlantic herring fishery has long been an important part of the economy of New England and the Canadian Maritime provinces. This is because the fish congregate relatively near to the coast in massive schools, notably in the cold waters of the semi-enclosed Gulf of Maine and Gulf of St. Lawrence. North Atlantic herring schools have been measured up to 4 cubic kilometres (0.96 cu mi) in size, containing an estimated 4 billion fish.

Atlantic herring have a fusiform body. Gill rakers in their mouths filter incoming water, trapping any zooplankton and phytoplankton.

Atlantic herring are in general fragile. They have large and delicate gill surfaces, and contact with foreign matter can strip away their large scales.

They have retreated from many estuaries worldwide due to excess water pollution although in some estuaries that have been cleaned up, herring have returned. The presence of their larvae indicates cleaner and more–oxygenated waters.

Anonymous E replied with this 12 years ago, 58 seconds later, 17 hours after the original post[^] [v] #469,582

@469,579 (E)
Mature red drum spawn in near shorelines from mid-August to mid-October.[5] The red drum's eggs incubate for 24 hours. A female lays about 1.5 million (with a range of 200,000 up to more than three million) eggs per batch. Scharf (2000) reported that in the first year, young red drum in Texas estuaries grew about 0.6 mm per day, though the rates varied with location and year and were higher in more southerly estuaries.[6] After the first year they may be 271 – 383 mm long. About half of red drum are able to reproduce by age 4 years, when they are 660-700 mm long and 3.4 – 4 kg in weight. Red drum live to be 60 years old unless caught.

Adults mature by 3 – 5 years of age; approximate length at maturity: males – 28 inches, females – 33 inches.
Spawn during late summer and fall. Spawning aggregations occur near estuary inlets and passes along barrier island beaches. Males produce drumming sounds using muscular contractions to vibrate the swimbladder, to attract females.
Larval red drum use vertical migrations to ride high salinity tidal currents into tidal creeks and shallow salt marsh nursery habitats. [7]
As red drum grow longer, they increase in weight. The relationship between length and weight is not linear. The relationship between length (L) and weight (W) for nearly all species of fish can be expressed by an equation of the form:


Invariably, b is close to 3.0 for all species, and a varies between species. Jenkins (2004)[8] reported slightly different weight-length relationships for red drum caught in the spring and the fall off the western Gulf Coast of Louisiana:


where weight is in grams and length is total length measured in millimeters. For example, these relationships predict that a 600 mm red drum (just under two feet long) would weigh about 2300 grams (just over five pounds). These relationships can be used more specifically to determine how healthy a sample of red drum are by comparing their actual weights to weights predicted by these relationships for the same length.

Anonymous E double-posted this 12 years ago, 1 minute later, 17 hours after the original post[^] [v] #469,583

@previous (E)
Redfish was named as giving a good result with court-bouillon in a cookbook published in New Orleans in 1901.[9]

In the early 1980s, the chef Paul Prudhomme made his dish of Cajun-style blackened redfish (red drum) popular. When catches of redfish declined in the 1980s many believed that it was being commercially over-fished because of its recent popularity. However, redfish numbers started declining in the late 1970s, possibly because of over-fishing of young redfish in shallow coastal waters by recreational fishermen.[citation needed]

On March 1, 2009 redfish was the "secret ingredient" on the television program Iron Chef America, with competitors Mourad Lahlou and Cat Cora both preparing several dishes from the fish.

Red drum have a moderate flavor and are not oily. Big drum can be challenging to clean; removing the large scales can be challenging. Many fishers prefer to fillet with an electric knife, first removing the fillet from along the backbone, and then using the electric knife to cut the fillet from the skin and scales. Fish over 15 lbs can become tough and have a consistency comparable with chicken, rather than the flakey texture of many species of fish. Younger fish are often indistinguishable in flavor from black drum.[10]

Anonymous B replied with this 12 years ago, 17 seconds later, 17 hours after the original post[^] [v] #469,585

@469,582 (E)
Symphysodon, colloquially known as discus, is a genus of cichlids native to the Amazon River basin. Due to their distinctive shape and bright colors, discus are popular as freshwater aquarium fish, and their aquaculture in several countries in Asia is a major industry. They are sometimes referred to as pompadour fish.

Discus are fish from the genus Symphysodon, which currently includes the above species. However, another review of the genus published in August 2007 suggested that the genus held these three species: S. aequifasciatus (the green discus), S. haraldi (the blue/brown/common discus), and S. discus (the Heckel discus). Further arguments have been made that S. tarzoo was not described in accordance with ICZN rules and thus should be considered invalid and replaced with S. haraldi, currently considered a synonym of S. aequifasciatus by FishBase.

Other (sub)species have been proposed, but morphometric data (unlike in Pterophyllum, the freshwater angelfish) varies as much between individuals from one location as across the whole range of all discus fish species. S. tarzoo was described in 1959 and applies to the red-spotted western population. S. aequifasciatus and S. discus, meanwhile, seem to hybridise frequently in the wild or have diverged recently, as they lack mitochondrial DNA lineage sorting but differ in color pattern and have dissimilar chromosomal translocation patterns. S. discus occurs mainly in the Rio Negro. Whether S. haraldi is indeed distinct from S. aequifasciatus remains to be determined; if valid it is widespread but it might just be a color morph.

Anonymous E replied with this 12 years ago, 1 minute later, 17 hours after the original post[^] [v] #469,586

@469,583 (E)
From 1980 through 1988, commercial fishermen took an average of 28% of the redfish while sport fishermen harvested 72 percent. Catch limits and size restrictions have increased the average weight of redfish caught in Louisiana coastal waters.[11] Restrictions on both sport and commercial fishermen allowed the species to rebuild. States actively vary the recreational catch limits and minimum and maximum lengths in order to help maintain sustainable red drum populations. Executive Order 13449 of October 20, 2007, issued by U.S. President George W. Bush, designated the red drum as a protected game fish. The order prohibits sale of red drum caught in Federal waters and encourages states to consider designating red drum as a protected game fish within state waters.[12] While they may no longer be commercially harvested in U.S. federal waters or in most state waters, they are readily caught and still enjoyed as table fare by many. In addition, farm raised redfish are still available as a commercial product [13] Commercial netting disappeared after coastal states like Florida declared red drum prohibited for sale. Recreational size and bag limits have been highly effective, allowing daily limits to be increased in recent years.

Anonymous B replied with this 12 years ago, 20 seconds later, 17 hours after the original post[^] [v] #469,587

@469,583 (E)
The electric eel (Electrophorus electricus) is an electric fish, and the only species in its genus. It is capable of generating powerful electric shocks of up to 600 volts, which it uses for hunting and self-defense. It is an apex predator in its South American range. Despite its name, it is not an eel, but rather a knifefish.

The electric eel has an elongated, cylindrical body, typically growing to about 2 m (6 ft 7 in) in length, and 20 kg (44 lb) in weight, making it the largest species of the Gymnotiformes.[1] The coloration is dark gray-brown on the back and yellow or orange on the belly. Mature males have a darker color on the belly. They have no scales. The mouth is square, and positioned at the end of the snout. The anal fin extends the length of the body to the tip of the tail. As in other ostariophysan fishes, the swim bladder has two chambers. The anterior chamber is connected to the inner ear by a series of small bones derived from neck vertebrae called the Weberian apparatus, which greatly enhances its hearing capability. The posterior chamber extends along the whole length of the body and maintains the fish's buoyancy. E electricus has a well-developed sense of hearing. This fish has a vascularized respiratory organ in its oral cavity. As obligate air-breathers, electric eels must rise to the surface every 10 minutes or so to inhale before returning to the bottom. Nearly 80% of the oxygen used by the fish is retrieved in this way.

Despite its name, the electric eel is not closely related to the true eels (Anguilliformes), but is a member of the neotropical knifefish order (Gymnotiformes), which is more closely related to the catfish.

Anonymous E replied with this 12 years ago, 55 seconds later, 17 hours after the original post[^] [v] #469,588

@469,586 (E)
The North Carolina General Assembly of 1971 designated the red drum as the official State Salt Water Fish. (Session Laws, 1971, c. 274; G.S. 145-6).[14]

Anonymous B replied with this 12 years ago, 40 seconds later, 17 hours after the original post[^] [v] #469,589

@469,586 (E)

The grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) is a herbivorous, freshwater fish species of the family Cyprinidae, and the only species of the genus Ctenopharyngodon. It is cultivated in China for food, but was introduced in Europe and the United States for aquatic weed control. It is a large cyprind native to eastern Asia, with a native range from northern Vietnam to the Amur River on the Siberia-China border.[1] It is a fish of large, turbid rivers and associated floodplain lakes, with a wide degree of temperature tolerance. Grass carp will enter reproductive condition and spawn at temperatures of 20 to 30°C (68 to 86°F).

In the United States, the fish is also known as white amur, which is derived from the Amur River, where the species is probably native, but has never been abundant.[1] This is not to be confused with the white Amur bream (Parabramis pekinensis), which is not a particularly close relative as Cyprinidae.

Grass carp have elongated, chubby, torpedo-shaped body forms. The terminal mouth is slightly oblique with non-fleshy, firm lips, and no barbels. The complete lateral line contains 40 to 42 scales. Broad, ridged, pharyngeal teeth are arranged in a 2, 4-4, 2 formula. The dorsal fin has eight to 10 soft rays, and the anal fin is set closer to the tail than most cyprinids. Body color is dark olive, shading to brownish-yellow on the sides, with a white belly and large, slightly outlined scales.

The grass carp grows very rapidly. Young fish stocked in the spring at 20 cm (7.9 in) will reach over 45 cm (18 in) by fall. The average length is about 60–100 cm (24–39 in). The maximum length is 1.4 m (4.6 ft) and the maximum weight 40 kg (88 lb). According to one study, they live an average of five to 9 years, with the oldest surviving 11 years. They eat up to three times their own body weight daily. They thrive in small lakes and backwaters that provide an abundant supply of freshwater vegetation.

Anonymous B double-posted this 12 years ago, 1 minute later, 17 hours after the original post[^] [v] #469,590

@469,588 (E)
The lemon sole, Microstomus kitt, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is native to shallow seas around Northern Europe, where it lives on stony bottoms down to depths of about 200 metres (660 ft). It grows up to 65 centimetres (26 in) in length and reaches about 3 kilograms (6.6 lb) in weight.

The lemon sole is a right-eyed flatfish with a small head and mouth and smooth, slimy skin. The upper surface is reddish brown in colour, mottled with pink and orange and flecks of yellow and green, and a prominent orange patch is typically found behind the pectoral fin, around which the lateral line also curves. The underside of the fish is white. Adults can reach lengths of up to 65 centimetres (26 in), but most measure around 20–30 centimetres (8–12 in).

Anonymous E replied with this 12 years ago, 24 seconds later, 17 hours after the original post[^] [v] #469,591

@469,588 (E)
Sciaenops ocellatus, Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2009.FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. www.fishbase.org, version (07/2009). http://www.fishbase.org/Summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=425
A Comparison of Black Drum, Red Drum, and their Hybrid in Saltwater Pond Culture Anne Henderson-Arzapalo, Robert L. Colura, Anthony F. Maciorowski, Journal of the World Aquaculture Society Volume 25 Issue 2, Pages 289 - 296
Smithsonian Marine Station page on red drum
Peters Life History of Red Drum Peters, K.M., McMichael Jr., R. H. Florida Department of Natural Resources Bureau of Marine Research, St. Petersburg, Florida.
Wilson and Nieland, 1994
Scharf 2000
Wenner C. 1999. Red Drum: natural history and fishing techniques in South Carolina. Marine Resources Research Institute, Marine Resources Division, SC Department of Natural Resources, Charleston, SC. 40 pp.
Jenkins, J.A. Fish bioindicators of ecosystem condition at the Calcasieu Estuary, Louisiana. National Wetlands Research Center, USGS, Open-File Report 2004-1323, 2004
Anonymous. (1901). "The Original Picayune Creole Cook Book." New Orleans: Times-Picayune Publishing Corporation. (reprinted 1906, 1916, 1922, 1928, 1936, 1938, 1942, 1945, 1947, 1954, 1966, 1971.)
A Comparison of Black Drum, Red Drum, and their Hybrid in Saltwater Pond Culture Anne Henderson-Arzapalo, Robert L. Colura, Anthony F. Maciorowski, Journal of the World Aquaculture Society Volume 25 Issue 2, Pages 289 - 296
Understanding Redfish Biology - accessed August 6, 2009
"Executive Order 13449: Protection of Striped Bass and Red Drum Fish Populations". Office of the Federal Register. October 20, 2007. Retrieved October 24, 2007.
Fritcheey, Robert (1994). Wetland Riders. Golden Meadow, Louisiana: New Moon Press.
Official State Symbols of North Carolina

"Sciaenops ocellatus". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 24 January 2006.
Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. Red Drum (Sciaenops ocellatus). Retrieved on 6 August 2009.
Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2005). "Sciaenops ocellatus" in FishBase. November 2005 version.

Anonymous E double-posted this 12 years ago, 55 seconds later, 17 hours after the original post[^] [v] #469,592

@previous (E)

Anonymous B replied with this 12 years ago, 38 seconds later, 17 hours after the original post[^] [v] #469,593

@469,591 (E)
The rose fish (Sebastes norvegicus), also known as the ocean perch, Atlantic redfish, Norway haddock, red perch, red bream, golden redfish, or hemdurgan, is a species of rockfish from the North Atlantic. Misleadingly, it is sometimes called bergylt, bream, or snapper, though it is unrelated to all of these. In the past, the scientific name Sebastes marinus was frequently used, but this is actually a synonym of Serranus scriba.

This food fish lives off the coasts of Europe and North America. Adults are found off the coast at depths of 100 to 1,000 m (330 to 3,280 ft); juveniles may be found in coastal waters such as fjords. The adults are slow-moving, gregarious fish, of some commercial importance. They reach 1 m (3 ft 3 in), though most only are about half that length. They are viviparous. While the young fish are of brownish color, the adults are bright red.

The rose fish appeared on a 15-pfennig stamp of West Germany in 1964.

In 2010, Greenpeace International added the rose fish to its seafood red list.

One of the main fishing areas of the rose fish is the Irminger Sea between Iceland and southeastern Greenland.

• Topic locked.[Top]